The Impact of Alcohol on Academic Performance: Summarizing the Research

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The Impact of Alcohol on Academic Performance: Summarizing the Research

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Research Finding #1: High-risk drinking negatively impacts class attendance

Frequent binge drinkers are more likely to miss a class, fall behind in their schoolwork (Wechsler et al., 1998)
The number of drinks consumed correlates positively with the number of classes missed (AlcoholEdu, 2008-2009)
Frequency of alcohol consumption was associated positively with absenteeism from classes disliked (Wyatt, 1992)

Research Finding #2: High-risk drinking negatively impacts time spent studying

Alcohol consumption has a negative predictive effect on study hours under all definitions of drinking (binge, frequent binge, drunkenness, and frequent drunkenness) (Wolaver, 2002)
More frequent use of alcohol usually produces larger negative effects on study hours, with frequent drunkenness having the largest negative effect (Wolaver, 2002)
There is a negative relationship between heavy episodic alcohol use and the time students spend on academics (Porter & Pryor, 2007)

Research Finding #3: Inverse relationship between high-risk drinking and grade point average

Binge drinking two or more times in a typical two week period is linked to significantly lower semester grades (Pascarella et al., 2007)
The probability of getting a high GPA significantly decreases as the frequency of heavy episodic drinking increases (Porter & Pryor, 2007)
The heaviest drinkers obtain the lowest grades (Preseley, 1993)
The amount of alcohol consumed correlates significantly with GPA (Singleton, R. 2007)
Alcohol consumption has a negative predictive effect on GPA under all definitions of drinking (binge, frequent binge, drunkenness, and frequent drunkenness) (Wolaver, 2002)
Heavy college drinking predicts a reduction in the probability of having an 鈥淎鈥� average cumulative GPA (Wolaver, 2002)
There is a significant relationship between GPA and the percent of students who drink or are heavy drinkers (Engs et al., 2001)
Among drinkers, the lower the GPA, the higher the percentage who drank or were heavy drinkers (Engs et al., 2001)
Those students with 4.0 GPAs consumed a third fewer drinks compared to those with GPAs under 2.0 (Engs et al., 2001)
There is a significant decline in GPA when comparing abstainers to heavier drinking categories (Rau & Durand, 2000)

Resources:

AlcoholEdu庐 for College National Survey Database, 2008-2009, Outside The Classroom.
Engs, R.C., Diebold, B.A. and Hanson, D.J. (1996). The Drinking Patterns and Problems of a National

Sample of College Students. Journal of Alcohol and Drug Education, 41(3), 13-33.

Pascarella, E.T., Goodman, K.M., Seifert, T.A., Tagliapietra-Nicoli, G., Park, S., Whitt, E.J. (2007). College Student Binge Drinking and Academic Achievement: A Longitudinal Replication and Extension. Journal of College Student Development, 48(6), 715-727.

Porter, S.R., & Pryor, J. (2007). The Effects of Heavy Episodic Alcohol Use on Student Engagement, Academic Performance, and Time Use. Journal of College Student Development, 48(4), 455-467.

Preseley, C.A., Meilman, P.W., Lyerla, R. (1993). Alcohol and Drugs on American College Campuses: Use, Consequences, and Perceptions of the Campus Environment, Volume I: 1989:91, 105.

Rau, W. & Durand, A. (2000). The Academic Ethic and College Grades: Does Hard Work Help Students to 鈥淢ake the Grade鈥�? Sociology of Education, 73( 1), 19-38.

Singleton, R.A. (2007). Collegiate Alcohol Consumption and Academic Performance. Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs, 68(4), 548-555.

Wechsler, H., Dowdall, G., Maenner, G., Gledhill-Hoyt, J., Hang, L. (1998). Changes in Binge Drinking and Related Problems among American College Students Between 1993 and 1997: Results of the Harvard School of Public Health College Alcohol Survey. Journal of American College Health, 47(2), 57-68.

Wolaver, A. (2002). Effect of Heavy Drinking in College on Student Effort, Grade Point Average, and Major Choice. Contemporary Economic Policy, 20(4), 415-428.

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